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It should be understood by members that the purpose of these rules is primarily to ensure maximum benefit from the study of Taekwon-Do. The basic principles that are found in these rules have been a part of Taekwon-Do from its inception. · Bow to the flag and your instructor when entering and leaving the school. This is to show respect and your modesty. · Do not enter or leave the class without permission from your instructor. It is disrespectful and unacceptable to be late for class. · Students must always bow at a proper distance before speaking to the instructor and use words of consideration such as: yes sir, no sir, etc. · All students are expected to be courteous and understanding. Advanced students are expected to set a good example to new students and to help them whenever necessary. · Loud conversation, laughing in excess, eating and drinking have no place in the Dojang. · Your uniform should be clean and ironed at all times. Finger and toenails must be neatly clipped · Any substitute instructor shall be treated as your regular instructor. · Do not give a demonstration or teach Taekwon-Do without the approval of your instructor. · Do not engage in any activities that might degrade Taekwon-Do or the reputation of the school or the instructor. · The wearing of shoes is prohibited in the Dojang. · Recite the TKD oaths prior to and after class.
Disciplinary action will be taken for violations of the above regulations. Penalties will vary at the discretion of the head instructor. Such penalties are; demotion of rank, suspension or termination of training.
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A BRIEF HISTORY OF
TAEKWON-DO:
Immediately after the Korean liberation from the Japanese in 1956 the members of this art began to earnestly diffuse its influence throughout the country. In the armed forces of the Republic of Korea (R.O.K.), General Choi Hong Hi began to teach troops what was to become Taekwon-do for the purpose of developing a powerful R.O.K. armed force. While engaged in his military duties, general Choi conducted a great deal of scientific and theoretical research on ancient Tae Kyon, Japanese Karate and Chinese Kung-Fu, and accomplished our presently developed and modern Taekwon-do techniques and theories. In 1955 there was a general agreement on the amalgamation of all the schools of Tae Kyon under one banner. A convention of all the leaders of tae Kyon, historians and other prominent persons was held on the 11th of April, 1955. This convention was led by General Choi Hong Hi. The name Taekwon-do, suggested by General Choi, was unanimously accepted for its similarity to the ancient name Tae Yon and its apt description of the art: Tae(foot) Kwon(hand) Do(art)
Taekwon-do is the scientific use of the body in the method of self-defence; a body that has gained the ultimate use of its faculties through intensive physical and mental training. Though it is a martial art, its discipline, technique and mental training are the mortar for building a strong sense of justice, fortitude, humility and resolve. It also implies a way of thinking and life, particularly in instilling a concept and spirit of strict self-discipline. Translated literally "Tae" stands for jumping of flying, to kick or smash with the foot. "Kwon" denotes the fist – chiefly to punch or destroy with the hand or fist. "Do" means the art or the way – the right way built by the saints and sages of the past. Thus taken collectively, "Taekwon-do" indicates the mental training and the techniques of unarmed combat for self-defence as well as health, involving the skilled application of punches, kicks, blocks and dodges with the bare hands and feet to the rapid destruction of the moving opponent or opponents. A CALM MIND, BY B.S. HUAN No matter how strong and skilful you may be in any martial art, you must possess a "strong spirit" – a calmness of mind without which mastery of the art will be incomplete. Success or failure in defending yourself is dependent on whether you possess a strong spirit as well as technical skill. In Taekwon-do, especially during the performance of free sparring when full concentration is required, a calm mind is of vital importance. Not only will you not be easily distracted, you will also be able to observe every movement your opponent makes, thus enabling you to strike precisely. One can also develop calmness of mind through regular free sparring. You must remember that in combat or self-defence distraction is caused by fear of your opponent; and when you are distracted, you are easily overpowered. Only through years of disciplining the mind through constant sparring can one remain calm and composed when facing an opponent. TAEKWON-DO AND MENTAL EFFECT, BY GEN. CHOI HONG HI 9TH DAN Taekwon-do is an art that implies a way of thinking and life, and particularly in instilling moral civilisation and generating the power for justice. Taekwon-do is known as one of the best means of developing and enhancing the emotional, perceptual and psychological characteristics that enable the younger generation, regardless of age, social status or gender, to effectively learn and participate in the social and play demands of his or her peers. Every movement of Taekwon-do is scientifically designed with specific purpose, and a skilful instructor may therefore develop in the student a belief that success is possible for anyone. Constant repetition teaches patience and the resolve to overcome any difficulty. The tremendous power generated from one’s body develops the self-confidence to meet any opponent, at any place and in any situation. Sparring teaches humility, courage, alertness, accuracy and adaptability as well as self-control. Patterns teach flexibility, grace, balance, and coordination. While the fundamental exercises develop precision and teach the method, principle, imagination and purpose of each technique. Eventually this training permeated every conscious and subconscious action of the student. Perhaps in some way, Taekwon-do and the guiding hand of a qualified instructor may serve as an aid to the misguided, insecure and physically weak because the student who comes to love the art quickly realises that to excel, the body must be kept at its optimum peak of conditioning and will, consequently hesitate to jeopardise his or her training in any way. Thus, Taekwon-do offers a strict self imposed discipline along with the spirit of cooperation and mutual respect. Together with discipline there are many who need and search for acceptance and leadership and are anxious to associate with a group or strong leader. If the student trains conscientiously, he or she will easily be accepted by his/her peers and superiors. If the instructor and ranking belts are articulate, well groomed, polite, confident, intelligent, and understanding, this leadership will provide perhaps the best of all influences on the student. Prejudice is taught at an early age, but there is little time for petty prejudices while sharing the camaraderie and Spartan training atmosphere of Taekwon-do. Through severe training classes, one learns to communicate with the obvious result that racial barriers are stripped away. The harmonious exchange of Taekwon-do between races certainly helps to eradicate the unfortunate lack of understanding that often exists between people. The philosophy of Taekwon-do is based on the ethical, moral and spiritual standards by which men can live together in harmony, and its art patterns are inspired by the ideals and exploits or great men from Korean history. Korea’s famous military and civil leaders who in nearly five thousand years of Korean history have never invaded their neighbour yet who fought bravely and made great self-sacrifices to defend their homeland against invading enemies. Also included are the names of patriots who willingly gave up their lives to regain Korea’s freedom and independence from the Japanese occupation. Each pattern of Taekwon-do expresses the thoughts and actions of these great men, so the students of Taekwon-do must reflect the true intentions of those under whose name each pattern bears. Therefore, under no circumstances should Taekwon-do be used for selfish, aggressive, or violent purposes, either by an individual or group. Nor will Taekwon-do be used for any commercial or political purpose whatsoever. I have set forth the following philosophy and guidelines which will be the cornerstone of Taekwon-do and by which all students of this art are encouraged to live: · Be willing to go where the going may be tough and do things that are worth doing even though they are difficult. · Be gentle to the weak and tough to the strong. · Be content with what you have in money and position but never in skills. · Always finish what you begin. · Be a willing teacher to anyone regardless of religion, race or ideology. · Never yield to repression or threat in the pursuit of a noble cause. · Teach attitude and skill with action rather than words. · Always be yourself even though your circumstances may change. · Be the eternal teacher who teaches with the body when young, with words when old, and by moral precept even after death.
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STUDENT GUIDELINES, BY GENERAL CHOI
· Never tire of learning. A good student can learn anywhere, anytime. This is the secret of Knowledge. · A good student must be willing to sacrifice for his art and instructor. Many students feel that their training is a commodity bought with monthly dues, and are unwilling to take part in demonstrations, teaching and helping around the Dojang. · Always set a good example to lower ranking students. It is only natural they will attempt to emulate senior students. · Always be loyal and never criticize the instructor, Taekwon-do or the teaching methods. · If an instructor teaches a technique, practice it and attempt to utilize it. · Remember that a student’s conduct outside the Dojang reflects on the art and the instructor. · Never be disrespectful to an instructor. Though a student is allowed to disagree with an instructor, the student must first follow the instruction and discuss the matter later. · A student must always be eager to learn and ask questions. · Never betray an instructor. The ancient law in the orient was similar to the law of Hamurabi, "an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth", and was rigorously enforced even if death was caused accidentally. In this type of environment, and since the present system of free sparring did not exist, it was impossible for a student of the martial arts to practise or test his individual skill of attack and defence against actual moving opponents. Individual advancement was hindered until an imaginative practitioner created patterns. Patterns are various fundamental movements, most of which represent either attack or defence techniques, set to a fixed and logical sequence. The student systematically deals with several imaginary opponents under various assumptions, using every available attacking and blocking tool from different directions. Thus pattern practice enables the student to go through many fundamental movements, master body shifting, build muscled and breath control, develop fluid and smooth motions, and gain rhythmical movements. It also enables a student to acquire certain special techniques which cannot be obtained from either fundamental exercises or sparring. In short, a pattern can be compared to nit tactics or a word, if fundamental movement is an individual soldier’s training or alphabet. Accordingly, pattern, the ledger of every movement, is a series of sparring, power tests, feats and characteristic beauty. Though sparring may indicate that an opponent is more or less advanced, patterns are a more critical barometer in evaluating an individual’s technique.
The following points should be considered while performing patterns: · Pattern should begin and end at exactly the same spot. · Correct posture and facing must be maintained at all times. · Muscles of the body should be either tensed or relaxed at the proper critical moments in the exercise. · The exercise should be performed in a rhythmic movement with the absence of stiffness. · Movement should be accelerated/decelerated according to set instructions. · Each pattern should be perfected before moving on to the next. · Students should know the meaning of each technique. · Students should perform each movement with realism. · Attack and defence techniques should be equally distributed among the right and left hands/feet.
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THE INTERPRETATION OF PATTERNS: The name of each pattern, the number of movements, and the diagrammatic symbol of each pattern symbolises either heroic figures in Korean history or instances relating to historic events. CHON-JI(19): Literally translated means "Heaven and Earth". In the orient it is interpreted as the creation of the world, or the beginning of human history. Therefore, it is the initial pattern practised by the beginner. It consists of two similar parts, one representing Heaven and the other Earth. (21): Is named after the Holy Dan Gun, the legendary founder of Korea in the year 2333 BC. (24): Is the pseudonym of the patriot Ahan Ch'ang Ho. (1876-1938). The 24 movements represent his entire life, which he devoted to furthering the education of Korea and its independence movement. (28): Was the noted monk who introduced Buddhism to the Silla Dynasty in the year 686 A.D. (38): Is the pseudonym of the philosopher and scholar Yi I. (1536-1584 AD) nicknamed the "Confucius of Korea". The 38 movements of this pattern refer to his birthplace on 38 degrees latitude and the diagram ( ± ) represents "Scholar". (32): Is named after the patriot Ahn Joong Gun who assassinated Hiro Bumi Ito, the first Governor-General of Korea, known as the person who played the leading part in the Korea-Japan merger. There are 32 movements in this pattern to represent Mr. Ahn's age when he was executed at Lui Shung prison in 1910. (37): Is the pen name of the noted scholar Yi Hwang (16th. century AD), an authority on Neo-Confucianism. The movements of the pattern refer to his birthplace on 37 degrees latitude, the diagram ( ± ) represents "Scholar".HWA-RANG (29): Is named after the Hwa Rang youth group which originated in the Silla Dynasty in the early 7th century. This group eventually became the driving force for the unification of the three Kingdoms of Korea. The 29 movements refer to the 29th infantry division, where Tae Kwon Do developed into maturity. CHOONG-MOO (30): Was the name given to the great Admiral Yi Soon Sin of the Yi Dynasty. He was reputed to have invented the first armoured battleship (Kobukson) in 1592 AD, which is said to be the precursor of the present day submarine. The reason why this pattern ends with a left hand attack is to symbolise his regrettable and untimely death, which occurred before he had a chance to display the full extent of his loyalty to the king. The forceful and finer techniques of attack and defense are largely dependant on a correct stance since the stance is the starting point of every Taekwon-do technique. Stability, agility, balance and flexibility are the controlling factors.
The basic principles for a proper stance are:
· Keep the back straight, with few exceptions · Relax the shoulders · Tense the abdomen · Maintain a correct facing. The stance may be full facing, half facing or side facing the opponent · Maintain balance · Make use of knee spring properly Attention stance: Heels together, 45 degree angle between the feet, bow forward 15 degrees; drop the fists down naturally; fists are slightly clenched Parallel ready stance: Shoulder width from foot-sword to foot-sword; feet are parallel; body is relaxed; hands are to the front; the distance between the fists is about 5cms. Sitting stance: One and a half shoulder width from reverse foot-sword to reverse foot-sword; both knees are bent evenly; feet are parallel Walking stance: Length is one and a half shoulder width from big toe to big toe; width is shoulder width from centre of foot to centre of foot; front foot is pointing straight ahead; back foot is pointing off at an angle of 25 degrees. L-Stance: Length is one and a half shoulder width from big toe of the front foot to the foot-sword of the back foot; 2.5cms in width between the heels; both feet turned in by 15 degreed; 70% of the weight on the back leg. Close ready stance: Feet together; left hand over right "A"-The distance between the philtrum and the fists is about 30cms. "B"-The distance between the fists and the naval is about 15cms. "C"-The distance between the hands and the abdomen is about 10cms. Fixed stance: Length is one and a half shoulder width from the big toe of the front foot to the foot-sword of the back foot; equal weight on each leg. Bending ready stance: Standing leg is bent; foot-sword of the raised leg is brought in towards the opposite knee; it is principally used as a prepatory position for side piercing kicks. X-stance: Cross one foot over or behind the other, touching the ground slightly with the front sole; place the body weight on the stationary foot. Rear foot stance: One shoulder width from big toe of the front foot to foot-sword of the back foot; most of the weight is on the back foot; toes of front foot point in by 25 degrees; toes of back foot point in by 15 degrees. Vertical stance: One shoulder width from big toe of front foot to reverse foot-sword of back foot; the toes of both feet point in by 15 degrees; both legs are straight; 60% of the weight is on the back foot. Low stance: This stance is the same as the walking stance except it is longer by one foot. These are descriptions of some One-Step techniques against a right hand attack:
There are six orders of belts: White, yellow, green, blue, red, black. The colours have not been arbitrarily chosen. They are, in fact, steeped in tradition. The colours of black, red and clue are the various levels of hierarchy during the Koguryo and Silla Dynasties. Meaning of belt colours: White – Signifies innocence, as that of the beginner student who has no previous knowledge of Taekwon-do. Yellow – Signifies the earth from which a plant sprouts and takes root as the Taekwon-do foundation is being laid. Green – Signifies the plant’s growth as the Taekwon-do skill begins to develop. Blue – Signifies the heaven towards which the plant matures into a towering tree as training in Taekwon-do progresses. Red – Signifies danger, cautioning the student to exercise control and warning the opponent to stay away. Black – Opposite to white, signifying the maturity and proficiency in Taekwon-do. It also indicates the wearers imperviousness to darkness and fear. In Taekwon-do each title is determined to the rank as follows: 1st-3rd Degree – National Instructor 4th-6th Degree – International Instructor 7th-8th Degree – Master Instructor 9th Degree – Grand Master
Your final belt knot should look like this.
Our martial art was given the name "Taekwon-do" to distinguish its technique, philosophical system, spritual foundation and rules of competition from other martial arts. We have a uniform unique to Taekwon-do for the same reasons.
· The wearing of the dobok should instil pride in the student as a practitioner of Taekwon-do. · It identifies the degree of skill and cultural education in TKD the student has attained. · The style of dobok is symbolic of TKD heritage and tradition. · Grade and degree changes indicated by belt colour create incentive while preserving humility. The white colour of the dobok symbolises the traditional colour of the Korean costume. Black piping around the edge of the shirt is worn by the black belt holder. The piping is 3cms in width and is symbolic of the royal family and members of the aristocratic houses during the Koguryo, Baekje and Silla Dynasties. The 4th degree and above is distinguished by black stripes on both sides of the shirt and pants. |
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TAEKWON-DO AIMS TO ACHIEVE: COURTESY INTEGRITY PERSEVERANCE SELF-CONTROL INDOMITABLE SPIRIT EXPLANATION OF TENETS; Needles to say, the success or failure of Taekwon-do depends laregely on how one observes and implements these tenets; which should serve as a guide for all serious students of the art. COURTESY; Taekwon-do students should attempt to practise the following elements of courtesy: · To be polite to one another · To encourage the sense of justice and humanity · To distinguish instructor from student, senior from junior, and elder from younger · To behave oneself according to etiquette · To respect others possessions · To handle matters with fairness and sincerity · To refrain from accepting any gift when in doubt
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INTEGRITY; In Taekwon-do, integrity is defined as the following: to be able to see the difference between right and wrong, if wrong to feel guilt. Instances where integrity is lacking:
· The instructor who teaches improper techniques due to lack of knowledge or apathy
· The instructor who camouflages bad techniques with false praise to students
· The student or instructor who is jealous of others
· The student who feels ashamed to seek opinions from his/her juniors
Perseverance; There is an old Oriental saying, "Patience leads to virtue or merit". To achieve something, whether it is the next grade or the perfection of a technique, one must set the goal, then always persevere.
SELF-CONTROL; This tenet is very important inside and outside the Dojang (training hall), whether conducting oneself in sparring or one’s personal affairs.
INDOMITABLE SPIRIT; A serious student of Taekwon-do will at all times be modest and honest. If confronted with injustice, he or she will deal with the belligerent without any fear or hesitation at all, with indomitable spirit. As history has proven, those who have pursued their dreams earnestly and strenuously with indomitable spirit have never failed to achieve their goals.
As a member of Taekwon-do I do solemnly pledge; to abide by the rules and regulations of the Taekwon-do Federation, to strive always to be modest, courteous and respectful to all member, in particular to my seniors; to put the art into use only for self-defence, in defence of the weak, and never to abuse my knowledge of the art.
STUDENT’S OATH:
I SHALL OBSERVE THE TENETS OF TAEKWON-DO.
I SHALL RESPECT THE INSTRUCTOR AND SENIORS.
I SHALL NEVER MISUSE TAEKWON-DO.
I SHALL BE A CHAMPION OF FREEDOM AND JUSTICE.
I SHALL BUILD A MORE PEACEFUL WORLD.
INFORMATION APPLICABLE TO WHITE BELTS:
Taekwon-do means: The art of kicking and punching
Tae: The foot, used for jumping, smashing and kicking
Kwon: The hand, used for punching, striking, thrusting and blocking
Do: The way, art or method
Taekwon-do was founded by Grand Master General Choi Hong Hi (9th Dan) on the 11th April 1955.
Tenets of Taekwon-Do: Courtesy, Integrity, Perseverance, Self-Control, and Indomitable Spirit
Meaning of White Belt: White signifies innocence as that of a beginning student who has no previous knowledge of Taekwon-do.
Parts of the Body:
Forefist: Ap Joomuk
Knife-hand: Sonkal
Inner Forearm: An Palmok
Outer Forearm: Bakat Palmok
Ball of the Foot: Ap Kumchi
Stances:
Attention Stance: Chariot Sogi
Parallel Ready Stance: Narani Junbi Sogi
Sitting Stance: Annun Sogi
Walking Stance: Gunnun Sogi
Defensive Techniques
Inner Forearm Middle block (An Palmok Kaunde Makgi)
Outer Forearm Low Block (Bakat Palmok Najunde Makgi)
Obverse Block: blocking over primary leg (Baro Makgi)
Reverse Block: blocking opposite the primary leg (Bandae Makgi)
Front Rising Kick: using ball of foot to block (Ap Cha Olligi)
Offensive Techniques
Front Punch: punching to the front and on the centre line (Ap Jirugi)
Obverse Punch: punching over the primary leg (Baro Jirugi)
Reverse Punch: punching opposite the primary leg (Bandae Jirugi)
Sections and Targets
High (Nopunde) From shoulder level and above.
Middle (Kaunde) From shoulder level to the umbilicus.
Low (Najunde) From waist level and below.
High target is a target at the student's own eye level.
Middle target is a target at the student's own shoulder level.
Low target is a target at the student's own lower abdomen area.
Attention Stance:
Heels together, 45-degree angle between the feet. Bow forwards 15 degrees; eyes
face the front, drop the fists down naturally; fists are slightly clenched.
Parallel Ready Stance: Shoulder width from footsword to footsword: feet
are parallel; body is relaxed; hands are to the front
Sitting Stance: One and a half shoulder width from reverse footsword to
reverse footsword; both knees are bent evenly: extend the knees outward, bending
until the knee caps come over the front sole; feet are parallel.
Walking Stance: Length is one and a half shoulder width from big toe to
big toe; width is shoulder wide from centre of foot to centre of foot; extend
the front knee outward until the knee cap forms a vertical line with the heel;
front leg is the primary leg; back foot is pointing off at an angle of 25
degrees.
Miscellaneous:
Chariot (Attention) Junbi (Ready)
Kyong -Ye (Bow) Sijak (Start)
Dobok (Uniform) Goman (Stop)
Dojang (Practice Hall) Baro (Return)
Hae San (Dismissed) Sho (Relax)
How do I determine the primary leg in a stance? There are three criteria for deciding the primary leg in any stance. The primary leg is the leg that contains the most body weight. If the weight is the same on both legs, then the primary leg is the leg with the most bend. If both legs are bent equally then the front leg is the primary leg. For example, the primary leg in the walking stance is the front leg. This is because there is 50% body weight on each leg. Therefore the leg with the most bend is the important one i.e. the front leg.
Information Applicable to Yellow Tags:
Interpretation of Chon-Ji (19 movements): Chon-Ji means literally "the Heaven the Earth". It is, in the Orient interpreted as the creation of the world or the beginning of human history; therefore it is the initial pattern played by the beginner. This pattern consists of two similar parts; one to represent the Heaven and the other the earth.
Defensive Techniques
Inside Block (An Makgi)
Outside Block (Bakat Makgi)
Inward Block (Annuro Makgi)
Outward Block (Bakuro Makgi)
Miscellaneous:
Wen (Left) Orun (Right)
Tul (Pattern) Duro Duro (about Turn)
Sambo Matsogi (3 Step Sparring)
New Stance: L-Stance (Niunja Sogi)
L-Stance: Length is one and a half shoulder width from big toe of front foot to foot-sword of back foot; 2.5 centimetres in width from heel to heel; both feet turned in by 15 degrees; bend the rear leg until the knee cap forms a vertical line with the toes, bending the front leg proportionally; back leg is the primary leg; 70% of weight on the back leg
Meaning of Yellow Belt: Yellow signifies the Earth from which a plant sprouts and takes root as the Taekwon-do skills begin to develop.
Pattern Chon-Ji: The following points should be remembered.
1. Walking Stance Forearm Low Block (Gunnun
So Palmok Najunde Makgi): The forearm reaches the same level as the lower
abdomen of the defender. The body becomes half-facing the opponent.
2. Walking Stance Middle Front Punch (Gunnun So Kaunde Ap Jirugi): The fist
forms a vertical line with the toes. The fist reached the same level as the
shoulder of the attacker. The fist is brought to the centre of the attackers
body.
3. L-stance Inner Forearm Middle Block (Niunja So An Palmok Kaunde Makgi): The
fist reaches the same level as the shoulder of the defender. The body is half
facing. The fist forms a triangle with the shoulders
Information Applicable to Yellow Belts:
Defensive Techniques
Knife-hand Guarding Block (Sonkal Daebi Makgi)
Twin Forearm Block (Sang Palmoik Makgi)
Rising block (ChookyoMakgi)
Offensive Techniques High Section Punch (Nopunde Jirugi)
Knife-hand Strike (Sonkal Taerigi)
Interpretation of Dan Gun (21 movements): Dan Gun is named after the holy Dan-Gun, the legendary founder of Korea in the year of 2333 BC.
Pattern Dan Gun: The following points should be remembered:
1. L-Stance Knife-hand Guarding Block (Niunja
So Sonkal Daebi Makgi): The fingertip reaches the level of the shoulder of the
defender. The knife-hand becomes half-facing the opponent. The knife-hand forms
a triangle with the shoulders.
2. L-Stance Twin Forearm Block (Niunja So Sang Palmoik Makgi): The front hand
reaches the level of the shoulder of the defender and is the primary hand.
3. Walking Stance Forearm Rising Block (Gunnun So Palmok Chookyo Makgi): The
forearm stays at the centre of the defender's head. The inner forearm stays at
the top of the defender's head.
4. L-Stance Knife-Hand Middle Outward Strike (Niunja So Sonkal Kaunde Bakuro
Taerigi): The knife-hand reaches the same level as the shoulder of the defender.
The body becomes half-facing the opponent.
Student Guidelines (by Gen. Choi):
1. Never tire of learning. A good student can
learn anywhere anytime. This is the secret to knowledge.
2. A good student must be willing to sacrifice for his art and instructor. Many
students feel their training is a commodity bought with monthly dues, and are
unwilling to take part in demonstrations, teaching and helping around the
dojang. An instructor can do without this type of student.
3. Always set a good example for lower ranking students. It is only natural they
will try and emulate senior students.
4. Always be loyal and never criticise the instructor, Taekwon-do or the
teaching methods.
5. If an instructor teaches a technique, practice it and attempt to utilise it.
6. Remember that s student's conduct outside the dojang reflects on the art and
the instructor.
7. If a student adopts a technique from another dojang and the instructor
disapproves of it the student must discard it immediately or train at the gym
where the technique was learned.
8. Never be disrespectful to the instructor. Though a student is allowed to
disagree with an instructor, the student must first follow the instruction and
discuss the matter later.
9. A student must always be eager to learn and ask questions.
10. Never betray the instructor.
Information Applicable to Green Tags:
Defensive Techniques
Outer Forearm High Block (Bakat Palmok
Nopunde Makgi)
Wedging Block (Hechyo Makgi)
Offensive Techniques
Straight Fingertip Thrust (Sun Sonkut Tulgi)
Backfist Hight Side Strike (Dung Joomuk Nopunde Yop Taerigi)
Turning Kick (Dollyo Chagi)
Front Snap Kick (Ap Cha Busigi)
Side Piercing Kick (Yopcha Jirugi)
Miscellaneous:
Ban Jayoo Matsogi (Semi Free Sparring)
Footsword (Balkal)
Instep (Baldung)
Jayoo Matsogi (Free Sparring)
Interpretation of Do San (24 movements): Do San is the pseudonym of the patriot Ahn Chang-Ho (1876-1938). The 24 movements represent his entire life, which he devoted to furthering the education of Korea and its independent movement.
Pattern Do-San: The following points should be remembered:
1. Walking Stance Outer Forearm High Side
Block (Gunnun So Bakat Palmok Nopunde Yop Makgi): The fist reaches the eye level
of the defender.
2. Walking Stance Backfist High Side Strike (Gunnun So Dung Joomuk Nopunde Yop
Taerigi): The forefist reaches the eye level of the defender. The body becomes
half-facing the opponent.
3. Walking Stance Outer Forearm High Wedging Block (Gunnun So Bakat Palmok
Nopunde Hechyo Makgi): The distance between the fists is equal to one shoulder
width. The fists reach the level of the eyes of the defender.
4. Middle Front Snap Kick (Kaunde Apcha Busigi): The ball of the foot is the
attacking tool. The attacking tool reaches the solar plexus of the attacker.
Meaning of Green Belt: Green signifies the plant's growth as the Taekwon-do skill begins to develop.
Breaking Requirements (Over 17's only): Front Snap Kick
Information Applicable to Green Belts:
New Stances:
Close Ready Stance A (Moa Junbi sogi A)
Fixed Stance (Gojung Sogi)
Bending Rready Stance (Guburyo sogi)
Defensive Techniques
Forearm Circular Block (Palmok Dollimyo Makgi)
Forearm Guarding Block (Palmok Daebi Makgi)
Offensive Techniques Knife-Hand Inward Strike (Sonkal Annuro Taerigi)
Interpretation of Won-Hyo (28 movements): Won-Hyo was the noted monk who introduced Buddhism to the Silla Dynasty in the year 686 A.D.
Pattern Won Hyo: The following points should be remembered:
1. L-Stance Knife-hand High Inward Strike
(Niunja So Sonkal Nopunde Annuro Taerigi): The knife-hand reaches neck level of
the attacker.
2. Fixed Stance Middle Punch (Gojung So Kaunde Jirugi): The body is half-facing.
3. Walking Stance Forearm Circular Block (Gunnun So Palmoik Dollimyo Makgi): The
inner forearm is used as the blocking tool. The fist reaches the shoulder level
of the defender. This shoulder should be slightly lower than the opposite one.
4. L-Stance Forearm Middle Guarding Block (Niunja So Palmok Kaunde Daebi Makgi):
The forearm becomes half-facing the opponent. The fist reaches the same level as
the shoulder of the defender.
5. Middle Side Piercing Kick (Kaunde yopcha Jirugi): The footsword reaches the
same level as the defender's shoulder.
6. Low Front Snap Kick (Najunde Apcha Biusigi): The foot reaches the same level
as the lower abdomen of the attacker.
Fixed Stance: Length is one and a half
shoulder width from big toe of front foot to reverse footsword of rear foot;
weight is distributed evenly; front leg is primary leg.
Bending Ready stance: Standing leg is bent; footsword of the lifted leg is
brought in towards the opposite knee; standing leg is the primary leg. It is
principally used as a preparatory position of side piercing and thrusting kicks.
Close Ready Stance A: Feet together; left hand over right. The distance between
the philtrum and the fists is approximately 30cm.
Breaking Requirements For 6th/5th Gups : Side Piercing Kick
Information Applicable to Blue Tags:
New Stances:
X-Stance (Kyocha Sogi)
Defensive Techniques
Twin Knife-Hand Block (Sang Sonkal Makgi)
Palm Hooking Block (Sonbadak Golcho Makgi)
Double Forearm Block (Doo Palmok Makgi)
Offensive Techniques
Front Elbow Strike (Ap Palkup Makgi)
Miscellaneous:
Ilbo Matsogi (One Step Sparring)
Interpretation of Yul-Gok (38 movements): Yul-Gok is the pseudonym of a great philosopher and scholar Yi I (1536 1584) nicknamed the "Confucius of Korea." The 38 movements of this pattern refer to his birthplace on 38 degrees latitude and the diagram represents 'scholar".
Pattern Yul-Gok: The following points should be remembered:
1. Sitting Stance Middle Punch (Annun So
Kaunde Jirugi): The fist reaches the same level as the shoulder of the attacker.
The fist is brought to the centre of the attacker. The measure punch is on the
shoulder line.
2. L-Stance Twin Knife-Hand Block (Niunja So Sang Sonkal Makgi): The side
blocking hand reaches the shoulder level of the defender.
3. Walking Stance Palm Middle Hooking Block (Gunnun So Sonbadak Kaunde Golcho
Makgi): The palm must reach the target in an arc.
4. Walking Stance Front Elbow Strike (Gunnun So Ap Palkup Taerigi): The backfist
faces upwards. The body is front facing.
5. X-Stance Back Fist High side Strike (Kyocha So Dung Joomuk Nopunde Yop
Taerigi): The body becomes side facing the opponent. The fist reaches the eye
level of the attacker.
6. Walking Stance Double Forearm High Block (Gunnun So Doo Palmok Nopunde
Makgi): The body becomes half-facing the opponent. The fist reaches the eye
level of the defender.
X-Stance: Cross one foot over or behind the other, touching the ground slightly with the front sole placing the body weight on the stationery foot. The stationery leg is the primary leg.
Meaning of Blue Belt: Blue signifies the heaven, towards which the plant matures into a towering tree as training inTaekwon-do progresses.
Breaking Requirements : Side Piercing Kick
Information Applicable to Blue Belts:
New Stances:
Close Ready Stance B (Moa Junbi sogi B)
Rear Foot stance (Dwitbal Sogi)
Low Stance (Nachuo Sogi)
Close Stance (Moa Sogi)
Defensive Techniques
Reverse Knife-Hand Outward Block (Sonkal Dung Bakuro Makgi)
Palm Upward Block (Sonbadak Ollyo Makgi)
X-Fist Rising Block (Kyocha Joomuk Chookyo Makgi)
U-shape Block (Digutja Makgi)
Offensive Techniques
Side Front Snap Kick (Yobap Cha Busigi)
Upper Elbow Strike (Wipalgup Taerigi)
Twin Fist High Vertical Punch (Sang Joomuk Nopunde Sewo Jirugi)
Twin fist Upset Punch (Sanj Joomuk Dwijibo Jirugi)
Angle Punch (Kiokja Jirugi)
Miscellaneous:
Bandae Dollyo Chagi (Reverse Turning Kick)
Dwichook (Back Heel)
Arc-Hand (Bandal Son)
Interpretation of Joong-Gun (32 movements): Joong-Gun is named after the patriot Ahn-Joong-Gun who assassinated Hiro-Bumi Ito, the first Japanese governor-general of Korea, known as the man who played the leading part in the Korea-Japan merger. There are 32 movements in the pattern to represent Mr. Ahn's age when he was executed in Lui-Shung prison in 1910.
Pattern Joong-Gun: The following points should be remembered:
1. Low Side Front Snap Kick (Najunde Yobap
Cha Busigi): The hip turns into the kick.
2. Rear Foot Stance Palm Upward Block (Dwitbal So Sonbadak Ollyo Makgi): The
palm reaches the solar plexus height of the defender.
3. Walking Stance Upper Elbow Strike (Gunnun So Wipalgup Taerigi): The body is
front facing. The point of the chin is the target.
4. Walking Stance Twinfist Vertical Punch (Gunnun So Sang Joomuk Sewo Jirugi):
The fists reach the same level as the phitrum of the defender.
5. Walking Stance Twinfist Upset Punch (Gunnun So Sang Joomuk Dwijibo Jirugi):
The back fist comes to the same height as the elbow joint.
6. Close Stance Angle Punch (Moa So Kiokja Jiurugi): The fist reaches the
shoulder line.
Rear Foot Stance: This stance is one shoulder
width from footsword of back foot to big toe of front foot. Most of the weight
is on the rear foot; front toes point in by 25 degrees; toes of the rear foot
point in by 15 degrees. Front knee is bent; front sole is slightly on the ground
with heel about 2.5 centimetres off ground; bend the rear leg until the knee
comes over the toes; rear leg is the primary leg.
Low Stance: This stance is the same as walking stance except it is longer by one
foot.
Breaking Requirements For 4th/3rd Gups: Reverse Turning Kick/Knife-hand Strike
Information Applicable to Red Tags:
Defensive Techniques
X-Fist Pressing Block (Kyocha Joomuk Noollo Makgi)
W-Shape Block (San Makgi)
Double Forearm Low Pushing Block (Doo Palmok Najunde Miro Makgi)
Knife-Hand Low Guarding Block (Sonkal Najunde Daebi Makgi)
Offensive Techniques
Upset Fingertip Thrust (Dwijibun Sonkut Makgi)
Back Fist Side Rear Strike (Dung Joomuk Yopdwi Taerigi)v Knee Upward Kick
(Moorup Ollyo Chagi)
Flat Fingertip Thrust (Opun Sonkut Tulgi)
Miscellaneous:
Knee (Moorup)
Downward Kick (Naeryo Chagi)
Twin side Elbow Posture (Sang Yop Palkup Jase)
Breaking (Gyokpa)
Crescent Kick (Bandal chagi)
Twisting Kick (Bituro Chagi)
Interpretation of Toi-Gye (37 movements): Toi-Gye is the pen name of the noted scholar Yi Hwang (16th century), an authority on neo-confucianism. The 37 movements in this pattern refer to his birthplace on 37 degrees lattitude. The diagram represents "scholar."
Pattern Toi-Gye: The following points should be remembered:
1. Walking Stance Upset Fingertip Thrust
(Gunnun So Dwijibun Sonkut Tulgi): The fingertip reaches the level of the pubic
region.
2. Close Stance Back Fist Side Rear Strike (Moa So Dung Joomuk Yopdwi Taerigi):
The back fist reaches the eye level of the attacker.
3. Walking Stance X-fist Pressing Block (Gunnun So Kyocha Joomuk Noollo Makgi):
The crossed point reaches the same level as the lower abdomen of the defender.
4. Sitting Stance Outer Forearm W-Shape Block (Annun So Bakat Palmok San Makgi):
The outer forearm reaches the same level as the philtrum of the defender.
5. Knee Upward Kick (Moorup Ollyo Chagi): The palms become level with the
elbows.
6. Walking Stance Flat Fingertip Thrust (Gunnun So Opun Sonkut Tulgi): The
fingertip reaches the level of the forehead of the attacker.
7. Walking Stance Double Forearm Low Pushing Block (Gunnun So Doo Palmok Najunde
Miro Makgi): The inner forearm reaches the same leve3l as thre lower abdomen of
the defender.
8. L-stance Back Fist Side Rear Strike (Niunja So Dung Joomuk Yopdwi Taerigi):
The back fist reaches slightly higher than the temple of the attacker.
9. X-Stance X-Fist Pressing Block (Kyocha So Kyocha Joomuk Noollo Makgi): The
crossed point reaches the same level as the lower abdomen of the defender.
10. L-Stance Knife-Hand Guarding Low Block (Niunja So Sonkal Najunde Daebi
Makgi): The blocking hand is at the same level as the scrotum of the defender
while the other hand is brought in front of the lower abdomen.
11. The front snap kick in pattern Toi-Gye is middle section.
12. The side front snap kicks in pattern Toi-Gye are low section.
Meaning of Red Belt: Red signifies danger, cautioning the student to exercise control and warning the opponent to stay away.
Korea The name Korea is believed by some to be derived from the phrase "high mountains and sparkling streams." Another name, Chosen, is often translated, "the land of morning calm."
Comment: At this stage of the student's Taekwon-do training a great deal of time and dedication is necessary. One of the ultimate goals of each and every student is nearby, the goal of becoming a black belt. The traits of indomitable spirit and perseverance will most definitely be tested over the coming months. Constant repetition is of vital significance if success is to be achieved. The rewards for your efforts and toil will be truly great. It will be something that will stand to you for the rest of your life.
Information Applicable to Red Belts:
New Stances:
Close Ready Stance C (Moa Junbi Sogi C)
Vertical stance (Soo Jik Sogi)
Defensive Techniques
Palm Pushing Block (Sonbadak Miro Makgi)
Inner Forearm Side Front Block (An Palmok Yobap Makgi)
Offensive Techniques
Upward Punch (Ollyo Jirugi)
Knife-Hand Downward Strike (Sonkal Naeryo Taerigi)
Turning Kick (Dollyo chagi)
Side Elbow Thrust (Yop Palkup Tulgi)
Interpretation of Hwa-Rang (29 movements): Hwa-Rang is name after the Hwa-Rang youth group which originated in the Silla dynasty in the early 7th century. The 29 movements refer to the 29th infantry division, where Taekwon-do developed into maturity.
Pattern Hwa-Rang: The following points should be remembered:
1. L-Stance Upward Punch (Niunja So Ollyo
Jirugi): The fist reaches the eye level of the defender.
2. Vertical Stance Knife-Hand Downward Strike (Soo Jik So Sonkal Naeryo
Taerigi): The knife-hand reaches the target in a circulkar motion. Keep the
elbow straight at the moment of impact.
3. High Turning Kick (Nopunde Dollyo Chagi): The attacking tool reaches the eye
level of the attacker.
4. L-Stance Obverse Punch (Niunja So Baro Jirugi): The fist reaches the same
level of the shoulder. The right arm forms a parallel line with the left leg and
vice-versa.
5. Close Stance Inner Forearm Side Front Block (Moa So An Palmok Yobap Makgi):
The fist reaches the same level as the defender's temple. The opposite outer
forearm reaches the same level as the defender's lower abdomen.
Vertical Stance: Length is one shoulder width from toe of front foot to reverse footsword of rear foot; the toes of both feet are pointing in by 15 degrees; legs are street; 60% of weight is on rear leg; rear leg is the primary leg.
Breaking Requirements for 2nd/1st Gups: Turning Kick, Jumping Back-Piercing Kick, Forefist Punch
Information Applicable to Black Tags:
Defensive Techniques
Forearm Middle Front Block (Palmok Kaunde Ap Makgi)
X-Knife-Hand Checking Block (Kyocha Sonkal Momchau Makgi)
Twin Palm Upward Block (Sang Sonbadak Ollyo Makgi)
Jumping (Twigi)
Offensive Techniques
Knife-Hand High Front Strike (Sonkal Nopunde Ap Makgi)
Flying Side-Piercing Kick (Twimyo Yopcha Jirugi)
Reverse Knife-Hand high Front Strike (Dung Joomuk Nopunde Ap Taerigi)
Middle Back Piercing Kick (Kaunde Dwitcha Jirugi)
Interpretation of Choong-Moo (30 movements): Choong-Moo is named after the great Admiral Yi Soon-Sin of the Yi dynasty. He was reputed to have invented the first armoured battleship, the Kobukson, in 1592, which is said to be the precursor of the present day submarine. The reason why this pattern ends with a left-hand attack is to symbolise his regrettable death, having no chance to show his unrestrained potentiality checked by the forced reservation of his loyalty to the King.
Pattern Choong-Moo: The following points should be remembered:
1. Walking Stance Knife-Hand High Front
Strike (Gunnun So Sonkal Nopunde Ap Taerigi): The fingertip reaches the
eye-level of the attacker. The body becomes full facing the opponent.
2. Flying Side Piercing Kick (Twimyo Yopcha Jirugi): The foot should be slightly
lower than the attacker's hip
3. Walking Stance Reverse Knife Hand High Front Strke (Gunnun So Sonkal Dung
Nopunde Ap Taerigi): The reverse knife-hand reaches the same height as the
philtrum of the attacker. The body becomes full facing the opponent. The reverse
knife-hand must stay at the centre of the attacker's body.
4. Middle Back Piercing Kick (Kaunde Dwitcha Jirugi): The foot reaches the same
level as the shoulder of the attacker. Keep the toes of the stationery foot
pointed to the front. Footsword is the attacking tool.
5. Sitting Stance Forearm Middle Front Block (Annun So Palmok Kaunde Ap Makgi):
The forearm comes along the centre line.
6. Sitting Stance Back Fist High Side Strike (Annun So Dung Joomuk Nopunde Yop
Tarerigi): The back fist should be half-facing the opponent.
7. L-Stance X-Knife-Hand Checking Block (Niunja So Kyocha Sonkal Momchau Makgi):
The fingertip reaches the same level as the shoulder of the attacker.
8. Walking Stance Twin Palm Upward Block (Gunnun So Sang Sonbadak Ollyo Makgi):
The attacking tool reaches the target in a circular motion. The palms reach the
same level as the elbows of the defender.
Meaning of Black Belt: Black is opposite to white, signifying the maturity and proficiency in Taekwon-do. It also indicates the wearer's imperviousness to darkness and fear.
Information Applicable to First Degree Black Belts:
PO-EUN (36): is the pseudonym of the loyal subject Chong Mong-Chu (1~ was a famous poet and whose poem "I would not serve second master might be crucified a hundred times" is known to every Korean. He wa pioneer in the field of physics. The diagram represents his unerring loyali King and country towards the end of the Koryo Dynasty.
GE-BAEK (44): is named after Ge-Baek, a great general in the Baek Je (660 A.D.). The diagram represents his severe and strict military discipline.
GWANG-GAE (39): is named after the famous Gwang-Gae-Toh-Wang, the 19th King of the Koguryo dynasty, who regained all lost territories including the greater part of Manchuria. The diagram represents the expansion and recovery of lost territories. The 39 movements refer to the first two figures of 391 A.D., the year he came to the throne.
Pattern Gwang-Gae :
Parallel Stance with a Heaven Hand (Narani So Hanulson)
1. Knife-Hand High Guarding Block (Sonkal Nopunde Daebi Makgi)
2. Upset Punch (Dwijibo Jirugi)
3. Forward Double Stepping (Ibo Omgyo Didimyo Nagagi)
4. Palm Upward Block (Sonbadak Ollyo Makgi)
5. Side Fist Downward Strike (Yop Joomuk Naeryo Taerigi)
6. Outward Pressing Kick (Bakuro Noollo Chagi)
7. Consecutive Kick (Yonsok Chagi)
8. Knife-Hand Low Front Block (Sonkal Najunde Ap Makgi)
9. Backward Foot Shifting (Durogamyo Jajunbal)
10.Forearm Low Reverse Block (Palmok Najunde Bandae Makgi)
11.Forward Double Stepping (Apuro Ibo Omgyo Dolgu)
Note: Low Stance are performed for the following movements: Pressing Block, Flat Fingertip Thrust. Front Kicks are middle section(Iower abdomen). The second consecutive kick is middle section. Hooking Blocks are high section. Both Rear Foot Stance/Knife-Hand Guarding Blocks Are high section.
Pattern Po-Eun (36):
Parallel Stance With A Heaven Hand:
1. One Leg Stance (Waebal Sogi)
2. Angle Punch (Kiokja Jirugi)
3. Forefist Pressing Block (Ap Joomuk Noolo Makgi)
4. Back Elbow Thrust (Dwit Palkup Tulgi)
5. Horizontal Punch (Soopyong Jirugi)
6. Forearm Low Front Block (Palmuk Najunde Ap Makji)
7. U-Shape Grasp (Digutja Japgi)
8. Twin Elbow Horizontal Thrust (Sang Palkup Soopyong Tulgi)
9. Back Fist Side Back Strike (Dung Joomuk Vop Dwi Taengi)
10. Reverse Knife-Hand Low Guarding Block (Sonkaldung Najunde Daebi Makgi)
Note: Wedging Block Is Middle Section. Forefist Pressing block is on centre
line.
Pattern Ge-Baek (44):
Parallel Ready Stance
1. Low Twisting Kick (Najunde Bituro Chagi)
2. Double Arc-Hand High Block (Doo Bandalson Nopunde Makgi)
3. Scooping Block (Duro Makgi)
4. Back Fist Front Strike (Dung Joomuk Ap Makgi)
5. 9-Shape Block (Gutja Makgi)
6. Middle Knuckle Fist Middle Punch (Joongji Joomuk Kaunde Jirugi)
Note: Double Forearm Block in X-Stance is high section. Flat Finger Tip Thrust
is done in Low Stance. The palm of the Scooping Block reaches the same level as
the solar plexus of the defender. The Back Fist Front Strike is on the centre
line. The fist of the Middle Knuckle Fist Reaches the solar plexus.
The student will also be expected to be able to spar two against one. This is an excellent test of the member' technical ability as well as his or her general awareness of both opponents. The practitioner must be able to get both opponents in line at any one time. Thus he or she will only be facing one opponent in actual combat. Quick foot movement becomes essential in such an exercise.
Important point: If the student wishes to test for 2nd degree black belt (and above) he or she has to firstly successfully pass three preliminary gradings. Then and only then is that person eligible for Dan promotion. Thus, the member will have to train constantly if their goal of promotion is to be realised. This is fairer to those who are extremely dedicated during the set time period of one and a half year~ between First and Second Dan Grading.
Information Applicable to Second Degree Black Belts:
EUI-AM (45): is the pseudonym of Son Byong Hi, leader of the independence movement on March 1, 1919. The 45 movements refer to when he changed the name of Dong Hak (Oriental Culture) to Choi (Heavenly Way Religion) in 1905. The diagram represents his indomitab displayed while dedicating himself to the prosperity of his nation.
CHOONG-JANG (45):is the pseudonym given to general Kim Duk Ryang ~ during the Vi Dynasty, fifteenth century. This pattern ends with a left hand symbolise the tragedy of his death at 27 in prison before he was able to r maturity.
KO-DANG (39): is the pseudonym of the patriot Cho Man Sik who dedicate to the independence movement and education of his people. The 39 mo refer to his times of imprisonment and his birthplace on the 39 degrees para SAM-IL (33): denotes the historical date of the independence movement which began throughout the country on March 1,1919. The 33 movement pattern stand for the 33 patriots who planned the movement.
Pattern Eui-Am (45):
Close Ready Stance D:
1. Knife-Hand low Inward Block (Sonkal Najunde Anuro Makgi): (The body is full
facing the opponent).
2. Outer Forearm Reverse High Side Block (Bakat Palmok Nopunde Bandae Yop
Makgi): (The body is half facing the opponent).
3. X-Fist Downward Block (Kyocha Joomuk Naeryo Makgi): The crossed point reaches
the solar plexus height of the defender and the centre line.
4. Knife-Hand Reverse Rising Block (Sonkal Bandae Chookyo Makgi): The body is
full facing the opponent and the knife-hand stays at the centre ol forehead).
5. High Reverse Turning Kick (Nopunde Bandae Dollyo Chagi).
6. High Crescent Punch (Nopunde Bandal Jirugi).
7. Middle Turning Punch (Kaunde DoIlyo Jirugi): (The fist reaches the same as
the chest of the attacker and is on the centre line). 8. Knife-Hand Middle
Wedging Block (Sonkal Kauride Hecho Makgi).
9. Reverse Knife-Hand Circular Block (Sonkaldung Dollimyo Makg): (The body is
half facing the opponent).
10. Alternate Palm Downward Block (Euhkallin Sonbadak Naeryo Makgi): (The palm
reaches the level of the solar plexus of the defender).
11. Knife-Hand Low Outward Block (Sonkal Najunde Bakuro Makgi): (The blocking
tool reaches the level of the scrotum of the defender).
12. Reverse Knife-Hand Low Inward Block (Sonkaldung Najunde Anuro Makgi).
13. Backward Double Stepping (lbo Omgyo Didimyo Duruogi).
Pattern Choong-Jang (52)
Close Ready Stance A:
1. Inner Forearm High Side Front Block (An Palmok Nopunde Yobap Makgi).
2. Back Fist Front Strike (Dung Joomuk Ap Taerigi).
3. Double Finger Thrust (Doo Songarak Tulgi).
4. Palm Scooping Block (Sonbadak Duro Makgi): The palm reaches the solar plexus
of the defender.
5. Backward Step-Side-Turning (Dwiro Omgyo Didigo Mikulmyo Dolgi).
6. Knee Low Front Snap Kick (Moorup Apcha Busigi): The knee reaches the level of
the lower abdomen of the attacker.
7. Twin Palm Pressing Block (Sang Sonbadak Noollo Makgi): The blocking tool
reaches the level of the groin of the attacker.
8. Outer Forearm Obverse High Front Block (Bakat Palmok Nopunde Baro Makgi).The
forearm stays at the centre of the defender's body.
9. Back Hand Downward Strike (Sondung Naeryo Taerigi).
10. Back Fist Side Front Strike (Dung Joomuk Vobap Taerigi).
11. Reverse Knife-Hand Low Guarding Block (Sonkaldung Najunde Daebi Makgi).
12. Twin Knife-Hand Horizontal Strike (Sang Sonkal Soopyong Taerigi).
13.Arc Hand High Reverse Strike (Bandal Son Nopunde Bandae Taerigi). The arc
hand reaches the same level as the philtrum of the attacker.
14. Twin Fore-Knuckle Fist Crescent Punch (Sang Inji Joomuk Bandal Jirugi).
15. Open Fist High Obverse Punch (Pyonjoomuk Nopunde Bandae Jirugi): The open
fist reaches the level of the philtrum of the attacker.
Pattern Ko-Dang (39)
Close Ready Stance C:
1. Bending Ready Stance B (Guburyo Junbi Sogi B).
2. Straight Elbow Downward Thrust (Sun Palkup Naeryo Tulgi): The elbow reaches
the same level as the solar plexus of the attacker.
3. Outer Forearm Downward Block (Bakat Palmok Naeryo Makgi): The outer forearm
reaches the same level as the solar plexus of the attacker.
4. Twin Knife-Hand Inward Strike (Sang Sonkal Anuro Taerigi).
5. Downward Punch (Naeryo Jinigi).
6. Crescent Kick (Bandal Chagi).
7. Flat Fingertip Outward Cross-Cut (Opun Sonkut Bakur
General Terms
|
TAE KWON DO |
: |
A Korean martial art meaning "Way of the Hand and Foot". |
|
CHUNG |
: |
Blue |
|
HONG |
: |
Red |
|
DAN |
: |
Degrees of Black belt 1st through 8th |
|
DO |
: |
Way of Life |
|
DOBOK |
: |
Uniform |
|
DOJANG |
: |
Taekwondo training hall |
|
KUP |
: |
9 levels of rank earned below Black belt |
Sections of the Body
|
High |
: |
Nopunde |
|
Middle |
: |
Kaunde |
|
Low |
: |
Najunde |
|
Front |
: |
Ap |
|
Side |
: |
Yop |
|
Back |
: |
Dwit |
Numbers
|
One |
1 |
HAH NA |
|
Two |
2 |
DUL |
|
Three |
3 |
SET |
|
Four |
4 |
NET |
|
Five |
5 |
DAH SUT (Da-soot) |
|
Six |
6 |
YASUT (Ya-soot) |
|
Seven |
7 |
ILGUP (Ill-gup) |
|
Eight |
8 |
YUDOL (Yo-duel) |
|
Nine |
9 |
AHOPE (Ah-hope) |
|
Ten |
10 |
YUL (Yole) |
Parts of the Body
|
Forefist |
: |
Ap Joomuk |
|
Forearm |
: |
Palmok |
|
Inner Forearm |
: |
An Palmok |
|
Outer Forearm |
: |
Bakat Palmok |
|
Knife Hand |
: |
Sonkal |
|
Hammer Fist |
: |
Yup Joomuk |
|
Palm Heel |
: |
Pyun Joomuk |
|
Bare Hand |
: |
Konson |
|
Fingertips |
: |
Sonkut |
|
Elbow |
: |
Palkup |
|
Instep |
: |
Baltung |
|
Heel |
: |
Dwichook |
|
Knee |
: |
Murup |
|
Toes |
: |
Balkut |
Stances / Sogi
|
Attention Stance |
: |
Charyot Sogi |
|
Ready Stance |
: |
Junbi Sogi |
|
Parallel Stance |
: |
Narani Sogi |
|
Close Stance |
: |
Moa Sogi |
|
Close Ready Stance |
: |
Moa Junbi Sogi |
|
Walking Stance |
: |
Gunnun Sogi |
|
L Stance |
: |
Niunja Sogi |
|
X Stance |
: |
Kyocha Sogi |
|
One Leg Stance |
: |
Waebal Sogi |
|
Bending Stance |
: |
Guboryo Sogi |
|
Vertical Stance |
: |
Soo Jik Sogi |
|
Diagonal Stance |
: |
Sasun Sogi |
|
Sitting Stance |
: |
Annun Sogi |
|
Fixed Stance |
: |
Gojung Sogi |
|
Rear Foot Stance |
: |
Dwitbal Sogi |
|
Low Stance |
: |
Nachuo Sogi |
Foot Techniques / Jok Gi
|
Front Kick |
: |
Ap Chagi |
|
Side Kick |
: |
Yop Chagi |
|
Turning Kick |
: |
Dollyo Chagi |
|
Side Piercing Kick |
: |
Yopcha Jirugi |
|
Side Thrusting Kick |
: |
Yopcha Tulgi |
|
Back Piercing Kick |
: |
Dwitcha Jirugi |
|
Back Side Kick |
: |
Bandae Yop Chagi |
|
Front Snap Kick |
: |
Apcha Bisugi |
|
Stamping Kick |
: |
Cha Bapgi |
|
Downward Kick |
: |
Naeryo Chagi |
|
Reverse Turning Kick |
: |
Bandae Dollyo Chagi |
|
Reverse Hooking Kick |
: |
Bandae Dollyo Goro Chagi |
|
Twisting Kick |
: |
Bituro Chagi |
|
Vertical Kick |
: |
Sewo Chagi |
|
Flying Kick |
: |
Twimyo Chagi |
|
Flying Front Kick |
: |
Twimyo Ap Chagi |
|
Flying Turning Kick |
: |
Twimyo Dollyo Chagi |
|
Flying Reverse Turning Kick |
: |
Twimyo Bandae Dollyo Chagi |
|
Flying Side Piercing Kick |
: |
Twimyo Yopcha Jirugi |
|
Flying Side Thrusting Kick |
: |
Twimyo Yopcha Tulgi |
|
Flying High Kick |
: |
Twimyo Nopi Chagi |
|
Flying Twisting Kick |
: |
Twimyo Bituro Chagi |
|
Rising Kick |
: |
Cha Olligi |
|
Crescent Kick |
: |
Bandal Chagi |
|
Checking Kick |
: |
Cha Mum Chagi |
|
Hooking Kick |
: |
Golcha Chagi |
|
Sweeping Kick |
: |
Suroh Chagi |
|
Reflex Kick |
: |
Bansa Chagi |
|
Combination Kick |
: |
Honap Chagi |
Blocks / Makgi
|
High Block |
: |
Nopunde Makgi |
|
Middle Block |
: |
Kaunde Makgi |
|
Low Block |
: |
Najunde Makgi |
|
Inward Block |
: |
Anuro Makgi |
|
Outward Block |
: |
Bakuro Makgi |
|
Double Forearm Block |
: |
Doo Palmok Makgi |
|
Outside Block |
: |
Bakat Makgi |
|
Inside Block |
: |
An Makgi |
|
Rising Block |
: |
Chookyo Makgi |
|
X-Fist Block |
: |
Kyocha Joomu Makgi |
|
X-Knifehand Block |
: |
Kyocha Sonkal Makgi |
|
Upward Block |
: |
Ollyo Makgi |
|
Downward Block |
: |
Naeryo Makgi |
|
Pressing Block |
: |
Noollo Makgi |
|
Hooking Block |
: |
Golcho Makgi |
|
Wedging Block |
: |
Hechyo Makgi |
|
Pushing Block |
: |
Miro Makgi |
|
Scooping Block |
: |
Duro Makgi |
|
Twin Forearm Block |
: |
Sang Palmok Makgi |
|
Double Archand Block |
: |
Doo Bandal Son Makgi |
|
Circular Block |
: |
Dollimyo Makgi |
|
Nine Shape Block |
: |
Gutja Makgi |
|
U Shape Block |
: |
Digutja Makgi |
|
Palm Heel Block |
: |
Son Badak Makgi |
|
Checking Block |
: |
Momchau Makgi |
|
Horizontal Block |
: |
Soopyong Makgi |
|
Knifehand Low Guarding Block |
: |
Sonkal Najunde Daebi Makg |
|
W Shape Block |
: |
San Makgi |
Punch / Jirugi
|
Obverse Punch |
: |
So Baro Jirugi |
|
Reverse Punch |
: |
So Bandae Jirugi |
|
Vertical Punch |
: |
Sewo Jirugi |
|
Side Punch |
: |
Yop Jirugi |
|
Upward Punch |
: |
Ollyo Jirugi |
|
Upset Punch |
: |
Dwijibo Jirugi |
|
Downward Punch |
: |
Naeryo Jirugi |
|
Crescent Punch |
: |
Bandal Jirugi |
|
U Shape Punch |
: |
Gidutja Jirugi |
|
Turning Punch |
: |
Dollyo Jirugi |
|
Horizontal Punch |
: |
Soopyong Jirugi |
|
Knuckle Fist Punch |
: |
Songarak Joomuk Jirugi |
|
Angle Punch |
: |
Giokja Jirugi |